[패키지] PXE + TFTP + Netboot 으로 리눅스 원격 설치 하기

KickStart + Redhat(or Fedora)로 하시는 것이 좋을 듯합니다.

아래의 내용을 보시면 한대를 깔고 나머지를 네트웍으로 설치할 수 있을 겁니다.

글을 언제 다듬어야하는데….

자동설치 테스트 과정

A. 시스템 사양

– node 수 : 4

– CPU : P4 2.8C (Hyperthreading ON)

– Mem : 1GB

– HDD : 80GB SATA

– NIC : e100(100Mbps) & tg3(1000Mbps)

B. 설치과정

1. Master Node 설치

– 설치 OS : WhiteboxLinux 3.0 RC-2 Respin 1

– text 모드로 설치

– Language : English

– partition

/boot : 128M

/ : 20GB

swap : 1GB

/home : 나머지

– network 설정

eth0 (Giga) : 192.168.101.1, 255.255.255.0, nogw, nodns

eth1 (e100, PXE device0 : 192.168.201.1, 255.255.255.0, nogw, nodns

hostname : node01.cluster.com

– Firewall : no

– Language : USA & Korean (USA Default)

– Time : Asia/Seoul

– Package Selection : Everything

– X configuration : skip

– Kernel : 2.4.21-15.ELsmp

2. 설치후 과정

(a) /etc/hosts 파일 수정

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.101.1 node01.cluster.com node01

192.168.101.2 node02.cluster.com node02

192.168.101.3 node03.cluster.com node03

192.168.101.4 node04.cluster.com node04

192.168.201.1 node01s.cluster.com node01s

192.168.201.2 node02s.cluster.com node02s

192.168.201.3 node03s.cluster.com node03s

192.168.201.4 node04s.cluster.com node04s

(b) /etc/hosts.equiv 생성

node01

node02

node03

node04

node01s

node02s

node03s

node04s

(c) /root/.rhosts 생성

node01

node02

node03

node04

node01s

node02s

node03s

node04s

(d) service 재설정 : rc3.d (chkconfig 이용)

apmd

autofs

crond

dhcpd

irqbalance (smp only)

microcode_ctl

netfs

network

nfs

nfslock

portmap

random

rawdevice

rlogin

rsh

sendmail

sshd

syslog

tftp

xfs

xinetd

(e) Install RPM 복사

* 1번 CD

# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

# cp -a /mnt/cdrom/Redhat /tftpboot/linux-install/

# cp -a /mnt/cdrom/images/ /tftpboot/linux-install/

# umount /dev/cdrom

* 2번 CD

# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

# cp -a /mnt/cdrom/Redhat /tftpboot/linux-install/

# umount /dev/cdrom

* 3번 CD

# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

# cp -a /mnt/cdrom/Redhat /tftpboot/linux-install/

# umount /dev/cdrom

(f) /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 설정

# default: off

# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \\

# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \\

# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \\

# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.

service tftp

{

disable = no

socket_type = dgram

protocol = udp

wait = yes

user = root

server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

server_args = -s /tftpboot/linux-install

per_source = 11

cps = 100 2

flags = IPv4

}

– tftp 재실행

/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart

(g) client node PXE 가능 NIC의 mac-address 추출

node02 : 00:0C:F1:DA:E5:D5

node03 : 00:0C:F1:DA:E5:C6

node04 : 00:0C:F1:DA:E6:7F

(h) /etc/xinted.d/dhcpd.conf 편집

allow booting;

allow bootp;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

option domain-name “cluster.com”;

option broadcast-address 192.168.201.255;

ddns-update-style none;

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 43200;

subnet 192.168.201.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.201.2 192.168.201.4;

}

group {

next-server 192.168.201.1;

filename “pxelinux.0”;

host node02 {

option host-name “node02.cluster.com”;

hardware ethernet 00:0C:F1:DA:E5:D5;

fixed-address 192.168.201.2;

}

host node03 {

option host-name “node03.cluster.com”;

hardware ethernet 00:0C:F1:DA:E5:C6;

fixed-address 192.168.201.3;

}

host node04 {

option host-name “node04.cluster.com”;

hardware ethernet 00:0C:F1:DA:E6:7F;

fixed-address 192.168.201.4;

}

}

subnet 192.168.101.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

}

– dhcpd 재실행

#/etc/rc.d/init.d/dpchd restart

(i) /tftpboot/pxeconfig.cfg/default 편집

LABEL linux

KERNEL vmlinuz

APPEND initrd=initrd.img ramdisk_size=8192 ks=nfs:192.168.201.1:/tftpboot/linux-install/kickstart/ks.cfg ksdevice=eth1

(j) boot 파일 복사

# cp /tftpboot/linux-install/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /tftpboot/linux-install/

# cp /tftpboot/linux-install/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /tftpboot/linux-install/

(k) NFS 설정

/tftpboot/linux-install/ node*(ro)

# exportfs -a 실행

(l) /tftpboot/linux-install/kickstart/ks.cfg 작성

#Generated by Kickstart Configurator

#System language

lang en_US

#Language modules to install

langsupport ko_KR.eucKR –default=en_US

#System keyboard

keyboard us

#System mouse

mouse genericwheelps/2

#Sytem timezone

timezone Asia/Seoul

#Root password

rootpw –iscrypted $1$/nH3/7qI$1BouFY3WFtj74nfrz.hXA/

#Use text mode install

text

#Install Red Hat Linux instead of upgrade

install

#Use NFS installation Media

nfs –server=192.168.201.1 –dir=/tftpboot/linux-install/

#System bootloader configuration

bootloader –location=mbr

#Clear the Master Boot Record

zerombr yes

#Partition clearing information

clearpart –all –initlabel

#Disk partitioning information

part /boot –fstype ext3 –size 128

part / –fstype ext3 –size 20000

part swap –size 1024

part /home –fstype ext3 –size 1 –grow

#System authorization infomation

auth –useshadow –enablemd5

#Network information

network –bootproto=dhcp –device=eth1

#Firewall configuration

firewall –disabled

#Do not configure XWindows

skipx

#Package install information

%packages –ignoredeps

@ Everything

(n) configuration file 복사

# mkdir /tftpboot/linux-install/config

# tar cvfP /tftpboot/linux-install/config/cluster-config.tar /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.equiv /root/.rhosts /etc/pam.d/rsh /etc/pam.d/rlogin /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

3. Client Node 설치

(a) BIOS에서 booting 순서 변경

– PXE Boot

– CD-ROM

– HDD

(b) reboot client node system

(c) 설치 완료 후 서버에서 tftp 서비스 종료

#chkconfig –level 3 tftp off

(d) /etc/dhcpd.conf 에서 다음 주석처리

# next-server 192.168.201.1;

# filename “pxelinux.0”;

(e) 클라이언트 재부팅

(f) 각 노드에서 다음의 명령 수행

# mount -t nfs 192.168.201.1:/tftpboot/linux-install /tftpboot/linux-install

# tar xvfP /tftpboot/linux-install/config/cluster-config.tar

# rm -f /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/*

# tar xvfP /tftpboot/linux-install/config/rc.tar (이때 주의사항 rsh, rlogin은 이걸로 안됨, xinetd.d/rsh, rlogin 복사)

(g) /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-eth0, /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-eth1 수정

(이때 mac address를 보존하고 수정해야함)

(h) reboot