[관리] Oracle 백업에 대하여 – 아랑
#### ORACLE BACKUP 절차 ######
1. 먼저 이전 DB_Server 의 환경을 검사한다.
# .bash_profile 의 환경설정 검사
# $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/파라메타(*.ora)파일 검사
–> init<SID>.ora 은 DB_name 과 실질적인 server 환경의
DB의 경로를 지정한다.
# $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_name/*.ctl –> contralfile 검사 # $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_name/*.log –> logfile 검사 # $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_name/*.dbf –> databasefile 검사 # 기타 databasefile 검사
#테이블 스페이스 와 데이터 파일 정보
SVRMGR> select tablespace_name,file_name,v$datafile.status,enabled
2> from dba_data_files, v$datafile
3> where file_id=file#;
TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME STATUS ENABLED
—————————— ——————————————————————————– ——- ———-
SYSTEM /home/oracle/oradata/auction/system01.dbf SYSTEM READ WRITE
OEM_REPOSITORY /home/oracle/oradata/auction/oemrep01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE
RBS /home/oracle/oradata/auction/rbs01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE
TEMP /home/oracle/oradata/auction/temp01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE
USERS /home/oracle/oradata/auction/users01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE
INDX /home/oracle/oradata/auction/indx01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE
DRSYS /home/oracle/oradata/auction/drsys01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata1.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APIDX1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apidx1.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APRBS /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/aprbs.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APTEMP /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/aptemp.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata2.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata3.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata4.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata5.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata6.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata7.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata8.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata9.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata10.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata11.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata12.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata13.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata14.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
APDATA1 /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata15.dbs ONLINE READ WRITE
CMAIL /cmail/cmail_db/cmail_data.ora ONLINE READ WRITE
#리두로그 파일 정보
SVRMGR> select v$logfile.member,v$logfile.group#,v$log.status,bytes
2> from v$logfile,v$log
3> where v$logfile.group#=v$log.group#;
MEMBER GROUP# STATUS BYTES
——————————————————————————– ———- —————- ———-
/home/oracle/oradata/auction/redo01.log 1 INACTIVE 512000
/home/oracle/oradata/auction/redo02.log 2 CURRENT 512000
#컨트롤 파일의 정보
SVRMGR> select * from v$controlfile;
STATUS NAME
——- ——————————————————————————–
/home/oracle/oradata/auction/control01.ctl
/home/oracle/oradata/auction/control02.ctl
#파라메타 파일의 정보
SVRMGR> show parameter;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————– ——- ——————————
O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY boolean TRUE
always_anti_join string NESTED_LOOPS
always_semi_join string standard
aq_tm_processes integer 0
audit_file_dest string ?/rdbms/audit
audit_trail string NONE
background_core_dump string partial
background_dump_dest string /home/oracle/admin/auction/bdu
backup_tape_io_slaves boolean FALSE
bitmap_merge_area_size integer 1048576
blank_trimming boolean FALSE
buffer_pool_keep string
buffer_pool_recycle string
commit_point_strength integer 1
compatible string 8.1.0
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
control_files string /home/oracle/oradata/auction/c
core_dump_dest string /home/oracle/admin/auction/cdu
cpu_count integer 2
create_bitmap_area_size integer 8388608
cursor_space_for_time boolean FALSE
db_block_buffers integer 8192
db_block_checking boolean FALSE
db_block_checksum boolean FALSE
db_block_lru_latches integer 1
db_block_max_dirty_target integer 8192
db_block_size integer 2048
db_domain string
db_file_direct_io_count integer 64
db_file_multiblock_read_count integer 8
db_file_name_convert string
db_files integer 200
db_name string auction
db_writer_processes integer 1
dblink_encrypt_login boolean FALSE
always_anti_join string NESTED_LOOPS
always_semi_join string standard
aq_tm_processes integer 0
audit_file_dest string ?/rdbms/audit
audit_trail string NONE
background_core_dump string partial
background_dump_dest string /home/oracle/admin/auction/bdu
backup_tape_io_slaves boolean FALSE
bitmap_merge_area_size integer 1048576
blank_trimming boolean FALSE
buffer_pool_keep string
buffer_pool_recycle string
commit_point_strength integer 1
compatible string 8.1.0
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
control_files string /home/oracle/oradata/auction/c
core_dump_dest string /home/oracle/admin/auction/cdu
cpu_count integer 2
create_bitmap_area_size integer 8388608
cursor_space_for_time boolean FALSE
db_block_buffers integer 8192
db_block_checking boolean FALSE
db_block_checksum boolean FALSE
db_block_lru_latches integer 1
db_block_max_dirty_target integer 8192
db_block_size integer 2048
db_domain string
db_file_direct_io_count integer 64
db_file_multiblock_read_count integer 8
db_file_name_convert string
db_files integer 200
db_name string auction
db_writer_processes integer 1
dblink_encrypt_login boolean FALSE
dbwr_io_slaves integer 0
disk_asynch_io boolean TRUE
distributed_transactions integer 10
dml_locks integer 264
enqueue_resources integer 484
ent_domain_name string
event string
fast_start_io_target integer 0
fast_start_parallel_rollback string LOW
fixed_date string
gc_defer_time integer 10
gc_files_to_locks string
gc_releasable_locks integer 0
gc_rollback_locks string
global_names boolean FALSE
hash_area_size integer 131072
hash_join_enabled boolean TRUE
hash_multiblock_io_count integer 0
hi_shared_memory_address integer 0
hs_autoregister boolean TRUE
ifile file
instance_groups string
instance_name string ORCL
instance_number integer 0
java_max_sessionspace_size integer 0
java_pool_size string 20971520
java_soft_sessionspace_limit integer 0
job_queue_interval integer 60
job_queue_processes integer 0
large_pool_size string 0
license_max_sessions integer 0
license_max_users integer 0
license_sessions_warning integer 0
lm_locks integer 12000
lm_procs integer 127
lm_ress integer 6000
local_listener string
lock_name_space string
lock_sga boolean FALSE
log_archive_dest string
log_archive_dest_1 string
log_archive_dest_2 string
log_archive_dest_3 string
log_archive_dest_4 string
log_archive_dest_5 string
log_archive_dest_state_1 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_2 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_3 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_4 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_5 string enable
log_archive_duplex_dest string
log_archive_format string %t_%s.dbf
log_archive_max_processes integer 1
log_archive_min_succeed_dest integer 1
log_archive_start boolean FALSE
log_buffer integer 163840
log_checkpoint_interval integer 10000
log_checkpoint_timeout integer 1800
log_checkpoints_to_alert boolean FALSE
log_file_name_convert string
max_commit_propagation_delay integer 700
max_dump_file_size string 10000
max_enabled_roles integer 20
max_rollback_segments integer 30
mts_dispatchers string (ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCO
mts_listener_address string
mts_max_dispatchers integer 5
mts_max_servers integer 20
mts_multiple_listeners boolean FALSE
mts_servers integer 1
mts_service string auction
nls_calendar string
nls_comp string
nls_currency string
nls_date_format string
nls_date_language string
nls_dual_currency string
nls_iso_currency string
nls_language string AMERICAN
nls_numeric_characters string
nls_sort string
nls_territory string AMERICA
nls_time_format string
nls_time_tz_format string
nls_timestamp_format string
nls_timestamp_tz_format string
object_cache_max_size_percent integer 10
object_cache_optimal_size integer 102400
open_cursors integer 50
open_links integer 4
open_links_per_instance integer 4
optimizer_features_enable string 8.1.5
optimizer_index_caching integer 0
optimizer_index_cost_adj integer 100
optimizer_max_permutations integer 80000
optimizer_mode string CHOOSE
optimizer_percent_parallel integer 0
optimizer_search_limit integer 5
oracle_trace_collection_name string
oracle_trace_collection_path string ?/otrace/admin/cdf
oracle_trace_collection_size integer 5242880
oracle_trace_enable boolean FALSE
oracle_trace_facility_name string oracled
oracle_trace_facility_path string ?/otrace/admin/fdf
os_authent_prefix string
os_roles boolean FALSE
parallel_adaptive_multi_user boolean FALSE
parallel_automatic_tuning boolean FALSE
parallel_broadcast_enabled boolean FALSE
parallel_execution_message_size integer 2148
parallel_instance_group string
parallel_max_servers integer 0
parallel_min_percent integer 0
parallel_min_servers integer 0
parallel_server boolean FALSE
parallel_server_instances integer 1
parallel_threads_per_cpu integer 2
partition_view_enabled boolean FALSE
plsql_load_without_compile boolean FALSE
plsql_v2_compatibility boolean FALSE
pre_page_sga boolean FALSE
processes integer 50
query_rewrite_enabled boolean FALSE
query_rewrite_integrity string enforced
rdbms_server_dn string
read_only_open_delayed boolean FALSE
recovery_parallelism integer 0
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
replication_dependency_tracking boolean TRUE
resource_limit boolean FALSE
resource_manager_plan string
rollback_segments string aprbs1, aprbs2, aprbs3, aprbs4
row_locking string always
serial_reuse string DISABLE
serializable boolean FALSE
service_names string auction
session_cached_cursors integer 0
session_max_open_files integer 10
sessions integer 60
shadow_core_dump string partial
shared_memory_address integer 0
shared_pool_reserved_size string 2621440
shared_pool_size string 52428800
sort_area_retained_size integer 0
sort_area_size integer 65536
sort_multiblock_read_count integer 2
sql92_security boolean FALSE
sql_trace boolean FALSE
standby_archive_dest string ?/dbs/arch
star_transformation_enabled string FALSE
tape_asynch_io boolean TRUE
text_enable boolean FALSE
thread integer 0
timed_os_statistics integer 0
timed_statistics boolean FALSE
transaction_auditing boolean TRUE
transactions integer 66
transactions_per_rollback_segment integer 5
use_indirect_data_buffers boolean FALSE
user_dump_dest string /home/oracle/admin/auction/udu
utl_file_dir string
2. 오라클 백업 (홀백업)
# cd $ORACLE_HOME
# mkdir fullbackup
# cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/*.ora $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/*.ctl $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/*.log $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/*.dbf $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/기타DB_NAME/DB_file $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup
# 가장 손쉽고 확실한 방법은 백업에 관련된 디렉토리를 통으로 복사하는방법
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/ $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/
3. 오라클 설치
4. 오라클 복구 (완전복구)
# 데이타파일을 원래 경로에 복사한다.
# svrmgrl
# SVRMGR> startup mount;
# SVRMGR> recover database;
media recovery complete
# SVRMGR> alter database open;
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