[관리] Oracle 백업에 대하여 – 아랑
#### ORACLE BACKUP 절차 ######
1. 먼저 이전 DB_Server 의 환경을 검사한다.
# .bash_profile 의 환경설정 검사
# $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/파라메타(*.ora)파일 검사
  –> init<SID>.ora 은 DB_name 과 실질적인 server 환경의
      DB의 경로를 지정한다.
# $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_name/*.ctl –> contralfile 검사 # $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_name/*.log –> logfile 검사 # $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_name/*.dbf –> databasefile 검사 # 기타 databasefile 검사 
#테이블 스페이스 와 데이터 파일 정보
SVRMGR> select tablespace_name,file_name,v$datafile.status,enabled
     2> from dba_data_files, v$datafile
     3> where file_id=file#;
          
TABLESPACE_NAME                FILE_NAME                                                                        STATUS  ENABLED  
—————————— ——————————————————————————– ——- ———-
SYSTEM                         /home/oracle/oradata/auction/system01.dbf                                        SYSTEM  READ WRITE
OEM_REPOSITORY                 /home/oracle/oradata/auction/oemrep01.dbf                                        ONLINE  READ WRITE
RBS                            /home/oracle/oradata/auction/rbs01.dbf                                           ONLINE  READ WRITE
TEMP                           /home/oracle/oradata/auction/temp01.dbf                                          ONLINE  READ WRITE
USERS                          /home/oracle/oradata/auction/users01.dbf                                         ONLINE  READ WRITE
INDX                           /home/oracle/oradata/auction/indx01.dbf                                          ONLINE  READ WRITE
DRSYS                          /home/oracle/oradata/auction/drsys01.dbf                                         ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata1.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APIDX1                         /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apidx1.dbs                                      ONLINE  READ WRITE
APRBS                          /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/aprbs.dbs                                       ONLINE  READ WRITE
APTEMP                         /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/aptemp.dbs                                      ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata2.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata3.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata4.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata5.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata6.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata7.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata8.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata9.dbs                                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata10.dbs                                    ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata11.dbs                                    ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata12.dbs                                    ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata13.dbs                                    ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata14.dbs                                    ONLINE  READ WRITE
APDATA1                        /home/oracle/oradata/auctionplus/apdata15.dbs                                    ONLINE  READ WRITE
CMAIL                          /cmail/cmail_db/cmail_data.ora                                                   ONLINE  READ WRITE
#리두로그 파일 정보
SVRMGR> select v$logfile.member,v$logfile.group#,v$log.status,bytes
     2> from v$logfile,v$log
     3> where v$logfile.group#=v$log.group#;
MEMBER                                                                           GROUP#     STATUS           BYTES    
——————————————————————————– ———- —————- ———-
/home/oracle/oradata/auction/redo01.log                                                   1 INACTIVE             512000
/home/oracle/oradata/auction/redo02.log                                                   2 CURRENT              512000
#컨트롤 파일의 정보
SVRMGR> select * from v$controlfile;
STATUS  NAME                                                                            
——- ——————————————————————————–
        /home/oracle/oradata/auction/control01.ctl                                      
        /home/oracle/oradata/auction/control02.ctl                                      
#파라메타 파일의 정보
SVRMGR> show parameter;
NAME                                TYPE    VALUE
———————————– ——- ——————————
O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY         boolean TRUE                          
always_anti_join                    string  NESTED_LOOPS                  
always_semi_join                    string  standard                      
aq_tm_processes                     integer 0                            
audit_file_dest                     string  ?/rdbms/audit                
audit_trail                         string  NONE                          
background_core_dump                string  partial                      
background_dump_dest                string  /home/oracle/admin/auction/bdu
backup_tape_io_slaves               boolean FALSE                        
bitmap_merge_area_size              integer 1048576                      
blank_trimming                      boolean FALSE                        
buffer_pool_keep                    string                                
buffer_pool_recycle                 string                                
commit_point_strength               integer 1                            
compatible                          string  8.1.0                        
control_file_record_keep_time       integer 7                            
control_files                       string  /home/oracle/oradata/auction/c
core_dump_dest                      string  /home/oracle/admin/auction/cdu
cpu_count                           integer 2                            
create_bitmap_area_size             integer 8388608                      
cursor_space_for_time               boolean FALSE                        
db_block_buffers                    integer 8192                          
db_block_checking                   boolean FALSE                        
db_block_checksum                   boolean FALSE                        
db_block_lru_latches                integer 1                            
db_block_max_dirty_target           integer 8192                          
db_block_size                       integer 2048                          
db_domain                           string                                
db_file_direct_io_count             integer 64                            
db_file_multiblock_read_count       integer 8                            
db_file_name_convert                string                                
db_files                            integer 200                          
db_name                             string  auction                      
db_writer_processes                 integer 1                            
dblink_encrypt_login                boolean FALSE                        
always_anti_join                    string  NESTED_LOOPS                  
always_semi_join                    string  standard                      
aq_tm_processes                     integer 0                            
audit_file_dest                     string  ?/rdbms/audit                
audit_trail                         string  NONE                          
background_core_dump                string  partial                      
background_dump_dest                string  /home/oracle/admin/auction/bdu
backup_tape_io_slaves               boolean FALSE                        
bitmap_merge_area_size              integer 1048576                      
blank_trimming                      boolean FALSE                        
buffer_pool_keep                    string                                
buffer_pool_recycle                 string                                
commit_point_strength               integer 1                            
compatible                          string  8.1.0                        
control_file_record_keep_time       integer 7                            
control_files                       string  /home/oracle/oradata/auction/c
core_dump_dest                      string  /home/oracle/admin/auction/cdu
cpu_count                           integer 2                            
create_bitmap_area_size             integer 8388608                      
cursor_space_for_time               boolean FALSE                        
db_block_buffers                    integer 8192                          
db_block_checking                   boolean FALSE                        
db_block_checksum                   boolean FALSE                        
db_block_lru_latches                integer 1                            
db_block_max_dirty_target           integer 8192                          
db_block_size                       integer 2048                          
db_domain                           string                                
db_file_direct_io_count             integer 64                            
db_file_multiblock_read_count       integer 8                            
db_file_name_convert                string                                
db_files                            integer 200                          
db_name                             string  auction                      
db_writer_processes                 integer 1                            
dblink_encrypt_login                boolean FALSE                        
dbwr_io_slaves                      integer 0                            
disk_asynch_io                      boolean TRUE                          
distributed_transactions            integer 10                            
dml_locks                           integer 264                          
enqueue_resources                   integer 484                          
ent_domain_name                     string                                
event                               string                                
fast_start_io_target                integer 0                            
fast_start_parallel_rollback        string  LOW                          
fixed_date                          string                                
gc_defer_time                       integer 10                            
gc_files_to_locks                   string                                
gc_releasable_locks                 integer 0                            
gc_rollback_locks                   string                                
global_names                        boolean FALSE                        
hash_area_size                      integer 131072                        
hash_join_enabled                   boolean TRUE                          
hash_multiblock_io_count            integer 0                            
hi_shared_memory_address            integer 0                            
hs_autoregister                     boolean TRUE                          
ifile                               file                                  
instance_groups                     string                                
instance_name                       string  ORCL                          
instance_number                     integer 0                            
java_max_sessionspace_size          integer 0                            
java_pool_size                      string  20971520                      
java_soft_sessionspace_limit        integer 0                            
job_queue_interval                  integer 60                            
job_queue_processes                 integer 0                            
large_pool_size                     string  0                            
license_max_sessions                integer 0                            
license_max_users                   integer 0                            
license_sessions_warning            integer 0                            
lm_locks                            integer 12000                        
lm_procs                            integer 127                          
lm_ress                             integer 6000                          
local_listener                      string                                
lock_name_space                     string                                
lock_sga                            boolean FALSE                        
log_archive_dest                    string                                
log_archive_dest_1                  string                                
log_archive_dest_2                  string                                
log_archive_dest_3                  string                                
log_archive_dest_4                  string                                
log_archive_dest_5                  string                                
log_archive_dest_state_1            string  enable                        
log_archive_dest_state_2            string  enable                        
log_archive_dest_state_3            string  enable                        
log_archive_dest_state_4            string  enable                        
log_archive_dest_state_5            string  enable                        
log_archive_duplex_dest             string                                
log_archive_format                  string  %t_%s.dbf                    
log_archive_max_processes           integer 1                            
log_archive_min_succeed_dest        integer 1                            
log_archive_start                   boolean FALSE                        
log_buffer                          integer 163840                        
log_checkpoint_interval             integer 10000                        
log_checkpoint_timeout              integer 1800                          
log_checkpoints_to_alert            boolean FALSE                        
log_file_name_convert               string                                
max_commit_propagation_delay        integer 700                          
max_dump_file_size                  string  10000                        
max_enabled_roles                   integer 20                            
max_rollback_segments               integer 30                            
mts_dispatchers                     string  (ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCO
mts_listener_address                string                                
mts_max_dispatchers                 integer 5                            
mts_max_servers                     integer 20                            
mts_multiple_listeners              boolean FALSE                        
mts_servers                         integer 1                            
mts_service                         string  auction                      
nls_calendar                        string                                
nls_comp                            string                                
nls_currency                        string                                
nls_date_format                     string                                
nls_date_language                   string                                
nls_dual_currency                   string                                
nls_iso_currency                    string                                
nls_language                        string  AMERICAN                      
nls_numeric_characters              string                                
nls_sort                            string                                
nls_territory                       string  AMERICA                      
nls_time_format                     string                                
nls_time_tz_format                  string                                
nls_timestamp_format                string                                
nls_timestamp_tz_format             string                                
object_cache_max_size_percent       integer 10                            
object_cache_optimal_size           integer 102400                        
open_cursors                        integer 50                            
open_links                          integer 4                            
open_links_per_instance             integer 4                            
optimizer_features_enable           string  8.1.5                        
optimizer_index_caching             integer 0                            
optimizer_index_cost_adj            integer 100                          
optimizer_max_permutations          integer 80000                        
optimizer_mode                      string  CHOOSE                        
optimizer_percent_parallel          integer 0                            
optimizer_search_limit              integer 5                            
oracle_trace_collection_name        string                                
oracle_trace_collection_path        string  ?/otrace/admin/cdf            
oracle_trace_collection_size        integer 5242880                      
oracle_trace_enable                 boolean FALSE                        
oracle_trace_facility_name          string  oracled                      
oracle_trace_facility_path          string  ?/otrace/admin/fdf            
os_authent_prefix                   string                                
os_roles                            boolean FALSE                        
parallel_adaptive_multi_user        boolean FALSE                        
parallel_automatic_tuning           boolean FALSE                        
parallel_broadcast_enabled          boolean FALSE                        
parallel_execution_message_size     integer 2148                          
parallel_instance_group             string                                
parallel_max_servers                integer 0                            
parallel_min_percent                integer 0                            
parallel_min_servers                integer 0                            
parallel_server                     boolean FALSE                        
parallel_server_instances           integer 1                            
parallel_threads_per_cpu            integer 2                            
partition_view_enabled              boolean FALSE                        
plsql_load_without_compile          boolean FALSE                        
plsql_v2_compatibility              boolean FALSE                        
pre_page_sga                        boolean FALSE                        
processes                           integer 50                            
query_rewrite_enabled               boolean FALSE                        
query_rewrite_integrity             string  enforced                      
rdbms_server_dn                     string                                
read_only_open_delayed              boolean FALSE                        
recovery_parallelism                integer 0                            
remote_dependencies_mode            string  TIMESTAMP                    
remote_login_passwordfile           string  EXCLUSIVE                    
remote_os_authent                   boolean FALSE                        
remote_os_roles                     boolean FALSE                        
replication_dependency_tracking     boolean TRUE                          
resource_limit                      boolean FALSE                        
resource_manager_plan               string                                
rollback_segments                   string  aprbs1, aprbs2, aprbs3, aprbs4
row_locking                         string  always                        
serial_reuse                        string  DISABLE                      
serializable                        boolean FALSE                        
service_names                       string  auction                      
session_cached_cursors              integer 0                            
session_max_open_files              integer 10                            
sessions                            integer 60                            
shadow_core_dump                    string  partial                      
shared_memory_address               integer 0                            
shared_pool_reserved_size           string  2621440                      
shared_pool_size                    string  52428800                      
sort_area_retained_size             integer 0                            
sort_area_size                      integer 65536                        
sort_multiblock_read_count          integer 2                            
sql92_security                      boolean FALSE                        
sql_trace                           boolean FALSE                        
standby_archive_dest                string  ?/dbs/arch                    
star_transformation_enabled         string  FALSE                        
tape_asynch_io                      boolean TRUE                          
text_enable                         boolean FALSE                        
thread                              integer 0                            
timed_os_statistics                 integer 0                            
timed_statistics                    boolean FALSE                        
transaction_auditing                boolean TRUE                          
transactions                        integer 66                            
transactions_per_rollback_segment   integer 5                            
use_indirect_data_buffers           boolean FALSE                        
user_dump_dest                      string  /home/oracle/admin/auction/udu
utl_file_dir                        string                                
2. 오라클 백업 (홀백업)
# cd $ORACLE_HOME
# mkdir fullbackup
# cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/*.ora $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/*.ctl $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/*.log $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/*.dbf $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup # cp $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/기타DB_NAME/DB_file $ORACLE_HOME/fullbackup
# 가장 손쉽고 확실한 방법은 백업에 관련된 디렉토리를 통으로 복사하는방법
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/    $ORACLE_HOME/oradata/DB_NAME/ 
3. 오라클 설치
4. 오라클 복구 (완전복구)
# 데이타파일을 원래 경로에 복사한다.
# svrmgrl
# SVRMGR> startup mount;
# SVRMGR> recover database;
   media recovery complete
# SVRMGR> alter database open;


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